property | value |
---|---|
Common names | Pentylone, βk-MBDP, bk-MBDP, bk-methyl-K |
Substitutive name | 3,4-Methylenedioxypentedrone |
Systematic name | 1-(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(methylamino)pentan-1-one |
Psychoactive class | Stimulant,Entactogen |
Chemical class | Cathinone,MDxx |
pentylone (also known as βk-mbdp and methylenedioxypentedrone) is a novel stimulant–entactogen substance of the cathinone class. pentylone is chemically related to mdpv and belongs to a group known as the substituted cathinones. little is known about its pharmacology, although it likely produces its activity by increasing the activity of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine in the brain.
pentylone was developed in the 1960s by boehringer ingelheim, although it was never marketed. it appeared around 2010 as recreational research compound, it is occasionally found as an adulterant or counterfeit for mdma.
user reports indicate that pentylone produces a mixture of classic stimulant and entactogenic effects resembling those of mdma, methylone and cocaine. commonly reported effects include stimulation, disinhibition, increased libido, compulsive redosing, and euphoria. very little is known about pentylone at this time.
pentylone is sold online as a research chemical alongside other synthetic cathinones like ethylone and dibutylone. due to the lack of research, it is highly advised to use harm reduction practices if using this substance.
history and culture
pentylone is a synthetic cathinone. synthetic cathinones were first synthesized in the late 1920s, starting with methcathinone and mephedrone. however, they did not find medical use due to their side effects. in the early 2000s, synthetic cathinones began to be sold in “head” shops and online as designer drugs, also known as research chemicals and “legal highs”. their quasi-legality and ability to substitute for traditional stimulants like cocaine or amphetamine made them popular in certain demographics. due to a history of being falsely marketed as bath salt products, they are referred in the media as “bath salts.”
the synthesis of pentylone was first described in a patent filed by boehringer ingelheim in 1969. it was described alongside the synthesis of other novel central nervous system stimulants including butylone, dibutylone, and ephylone. however, its pharmacological properties were not tested and it was never marketed.
chemistry
pentylone is a synthetic substance belonging to a group known as substituted cathinones. substituted cathinones are derivatives of the naturally occurring substance cathinone, which is one of the psychoactive principles in khat (catha edullis). cathinone is composed of a phenethylamine core with an alkyl group attached to the alpha carbon, and a ketone group attached to the beta carbon.
pentylone is close structural relative of methylone, the beta ketone analog of mdma. pentylone’s chemical structure consists of a cathinone core substituted with a methylenedioxy ring at r3 and r4 of the phenyl ring, a propyl group at the alpha carbon, and a methyl group at the amino group.
pharmacology
very little data exists on the human pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pentylone and other substituted cathinones. like amphetamines, synthetic cathinones exert their stimulating and sympathomimetic effects via increasing synaptic concentration of catecholamines such as dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine. these molecules are able to inhibit monoamine reuptake transporters producing a decreased clearance of the neurotransmitters from the synapse. furthermore, they may cause release of biogenic amines from intracellular stores.
synthetic cathinones are generally less able than amphetamines to cross the blood–brain barrier because the beta-keto group causes an increase in polarity. unlike other synthetic cathinones, pyrrolidine derivatives have a higher ability to cross the blood–brain barrier because the pyrrolidine ring confers a low polarity to these molecules. the studies on the metabolism of synthetic cathinones have shown that they are n-demethylated, the keto group is reduced to hydroxyl and ring alkyl groups are oxidised.
Evelyn –
LennaertT. –